A Traffic Problem Sparks an Idea
In the late 19th century, traffic congestion in New York City grew out of control. William Phelps Eno, frustrated by chaotic horse-drawn carriage traffic at intersections like Columbus Circle, drafted the first known set of traffic rules in 1900.
The Man Who Never Drove
Despite his profound influence on road safety, Eno never learned to drive a car. He believed that professionals should handle vehicles. Yet, he keenly observed how lack of organization endangered lives and slowed travel even before automobiles dominated streets.
Inventing the Stop Sign and Beyond
Eno’s ideas included the first stop sign, pedestrian crossings, and one-way streets. His “Rules of the Road” were adopted by New York City, Paris, and London. He also established the world’s first traffic code in Paris in 1903, revolutionizing how cities managed growing numbers of vehicles.
Lasting Influence on Modern Cities
In 1921, he founded the Eno Foundation for Highway Traffic Regulation. His work helped shape the basic traffic systems still used globally. William Phelps Eno proved that with careful observation and planning, one could change the streets forever—without ever sitting behind the wheel.
Traffic chaos gripped New York City at the dawn of the 20th century, but one man saw a way to bring order.
William Phelps Eno, though he never drove a car in his life, crafted the world’s first traffic rules. His vision would change urban life forever…🧵👇 pic.twitter.com/51eDmY5d7X
— Detective Tiger’s Stories (@TigerDetective) April 27, 2025